Trauma, aging, improper body mechanics and normal wear and tear can all injure your spine. And damage to any part of your back — especially pressure on your nerves — can cause pain and other symptoms. Most back problems respond to nonsurgical treatments, such as anti-inflammatory medication, ice, heat, gentle massage and physical therapy. When conservative treatments don't help, back surgery may offer relief. But it doesn't help every type of back pain. In fact, back surgery is needed in only a small percentage of cases..